An underbite can be one of the most prominent facial concerns due to the way it attracts attention, whether you are viewed head-on or from the side. In a normal jawline, the upper teeth fit just over the lower teeth. However, an underbite refers to when the lower jawbone protrudes upward and outward, extending past the upper jawbone in a significant and noticeable way. Treatment can range from braces to orthognathic surgery, depending on the severity of malocclusion.
Overview
An underbite is a noticeable facial concern because it affects how your jawline appears from various angles. Typically, the upper teeth should slightly overlap the lower teeth. An underbite, medically termed prognathism, occurs when the lower jawbone extends beyond the upper jawbone, causing a noticeable misalignment. This condition can result from hereditary factors, childhood habits (like thumb sucking), improper dental work, or facial injuries.
Malocclusion, the misalignment of teeth, can occur in three stages: Class I (a slight overlap of the upper jaw), Class II (a severe overbite), and Class III (an underbite). While an underbite can be a cosmetic concern, severe cases can lead to difficulties in chewing, headaches, early tooth decay, and speech issues, such as lisps. Fortunately, several treatments are available to correct an underbite.
The Specifics
Terminology/Definitions
- Prognathism: When the upper or lower jaw protrudes beyond the normal facial plane.
- Malocclusion: When the teeth are not aligned properly.
How to Fix an Underbite: Braces, Invisalign, and Surgery
There are multiple treatment options for correcting an underbite, ranging from orthodontic treatments to surgical procedures.
Traditional Metal Braces
Traditional metal braces are a common solution for correcting various dental issues, including underbites, overbites, crossbites, open bites, overjets, gummy smiles, overcrowded teeth, and spaced teeth. This option is particularly effective for children since their jaws are still developing and more adaptable to early treatment. Modern braces are more discreet and can include additional tools like headgear or jaw expanders for better results.
Lingual Braces
Lingual braces offer similar benefits to traditional metal braces but are placed on the backside of the teeth, making them less visible. Popular brands include Suresmile® Lingual OT, In-Ovations, STb™ Light Lingual System, Incognito™, and iBraces™.
Damon Braces
Damon® braces utilize a lightweight, high-tech “memory wire” that slides through the brackets with less pressure and friction, reducing the need for frequent adjustments. This option can be convenient for those with busy lifestyles, as it requires fewer follow-up visits.
Clear Aligners and Invisalign
Clear aligners, such as Invisalign®, provide a less noticeable treatment option compared to traditional braces. They involve wearing a series of clear trays that gradually move the teeth into the desired position. The treatment duration varies but is generally shorter than that of traditional braces. This method is popular due to its discreet appearance.
Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery, or corrective jaw surgery, is a more permanent solution for severe underbites. Performed by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, this surgery restructures the jaw to improve facial proportions and alleviate issues related to eating, speaking, and breathing (such as sleep apnea).
The Takeaway
Conclusion
Correcting an underbite early can provide both physical and aesthetic relief. Addressing the issue promptly can improve oral health and prevent complications like tooth decay or gum disease. Consult with an orthodontist or an oral and maxillofacial surgeon to determine the best treatment method for your underbite. Correcting this condition can enhance your dental health and boost your self-esteem, making it worth the effort to care for your teeth.
